Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes, Risk Factors and its Outcome in a Tertiary Hospital

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. GDM increases the risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcome and increases risk of diabetes in mother and child in the future. Prevalence of GDM is increasing all over the world. This is hospital based cross sectional study done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital to find out the prevalence of GDM and to trace maternal and fetal risk factors and adverse outcome. In this study, 600 pregnant women were enrolled during 2016-17. Among them 27 (4.5%) were found to have GDM. Among GDM, four (14.4%) were ≥ 35 years old and six (22.2%) had BMI of ≥ 25 kg/m². Caesarean section was more common mode of delivery in women with GDM than without (51.9% vs 22.2%). Increased prevalence shown in this study necessitates universal screening of GDM.