Locoregional Anesthesia for Major Abdominal Surgeries during COVID-19 Outbreak: An Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal

Abstract

Introduction: Locoregional Anesthesia (LA) has many benefits over general
anaesthesia in major abdominal surgeries with high risks including avoidance of
endotracheal intubation thus avoiding aerosol contamination during coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed among patients undergone
major abdominal surgery under loco regional anesthesia during April 2019 and
March 2020 in 750 bedded tertiary care hospital during COVID- 19 pandemic. In
all cases, locoregional anesthesia (spinal, epidural, or combined spinal-epidural
anesthesia) was performed. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were
monitored and was analyzed.
Results: A total of twenty-four cases were included during the study period. Among
the cases, majority of cases belonged to gastrointestinal, n=17(70.83%). The mean
operative time was 94 minutes (minimum 55 minutes; maximum 168 minutes).
None of the cases required conversion to general anesthesia. Postoperative pain
was always well controlled. None of them required postoperative intensive care
support. No perioperative major complications (Clavien–Dindo ≥3) occurred.
Three cases were found to be infected with COVID -19 infection postoperatively.
Conclusion: Our study showed that major abdominal surgeries under loco
regional anesthesia resulted feasible, safe, painless, and, in specific cases, was
the only viable option. In such a pandemic, it could become a vital strategy to
avoid contamination among Health care workers (HCWs) and could limit viral
transmission inside theatres.